《狮子王》中 丁满的真实化身 ―― 狐獴 How does Disney’s Timon Compare with Real Meerkats? 【本篇为全程英文讲解】
How does Disney’s Timon Compare with Real Meerkats?
7/7 解析英语
• 作者 Mark Darvill
• 阅读时间 7分钟
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狐獴聪明且忠诚，它们与迪士尼经典之作当中所描绘的狐獴相去不远
目录 /
Tips & Analysis
/
More to Learn
/
中文翻译(& 答案)
阅读测验
Anyone who has seen Disney’s The Lion King will agree that one of the movie’s most popular characters is Timon. Timon, along with his best friend Pumbaa, provides Simba, the movie’s protagonist, with what he needs the most when they first encounter him—kindness and loyalty.
While millions of young children have viewed this classic movie, many of them might not be aware that Timon is actually
a real-life meerkat, a small mammal native to the desert lands of southern Africa. Meerkats have a unique and adorable appearance primarily characterized by an upright standing posture and dark patches around their eyes. Particularly, it is their standing pose that sets them apart from other mammals, most of which feel more comfortable on four legs.
Despite their cute appearance, meerkats must adopt clever strategies to survive in the harsh desert environment. They are highly cooperative and social animals living in family groups known as “mobs.” Each mob has a dominant female in charge, and the other members of the mob have defined roles to ensure that no task is left undone. Some serve as watchers who look out for dangerous predators in the sky like eagles and hawks, while others hunt for food, including fruits, insects, small birds, rodents, and lizards. Meerkat mobs live in homes called burrows, which are essentially underground tunnel systems that enable groups to keep cool in the scorching African sun.
Intelligent and loyal, meerkats are truly not too far removed from the one depicted in the Disney classic. These fascinating creatures are much more than just cute animals and can surely teach us a thing or two about “standing” up for one another.
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
(A) To outline the personalities of meerkats.
(B) To introduce a Disney classic to the readers.
(C) To set the stage for the discussion of meerkats.
(D) To specify what role Timon plays in Simba’s life.
2. Which of the following aspects of meerkats are mentioned in the passage?
a. mating behavior b. physical features
c. living habitats d. natural enemies
e. stress response f. dietary habits
(A) a, b, c, f
(B) b, c, d, f
(C) a, d, e, f
(D) b, d, e, f
3. According to the passage, which of the following is a meerkat LEAST likely to eat?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
at can be inferred about meerkats from the passage?
(A) A male meerkat rules over the whole family.
(B) The division of labor in their mobs is quite clear.
(C) They only switch to standing positions when facing threats.
(D) Timon’s image in the Disney classic is totally different from that in real life.
答案: 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B
单字片语整理
Words in Use
●
aware
[əˋwɛr]
a. 知道的；察觉的（与介词 of 并用）
●
harsh
[hɑrʃ]
a. 严厉的
●
adorable
[əˋdorəb!]
adj. 可爱的，讨人喜欢的
●
patch
[pætʃ]
n. 一小块（土地、污渍等）；补钉
vt. 修补
●
characterize
[ˋkærəktə͵raɪz]
vt. 描绘……的特性；具有……的特色（常用被动语态）
●
encounter
[ɪnˋkaʊntɚ]
.vt. 遭遇
n. 与……不期而遇（名词时常与介词 with 并用）
●
cooperative
[koˋɑpə͵retɪv]
a. 合作的
n. 合作企业
●
dominant
[ˋdɑmənənt]
a. 支配的；重要的（职位）
●
loyalty
[ˋlɔɪəltɪ]
n. 忠诚，忠实
●
depict
[dɪˋpɪkt]
vt. 描述，描绘
●
habitat
[ˋhæbə͵tæt]
n. (动物) 栖息地
●
mammal
[ˋmæm!]
n. 哺乳动物
●
predator
[ˋprɛdətɚ]
n. 捕食者，掠食者
●
native
[ˋnetɪv]
n. 本地人；土着
a. 祖国的；本地的，土生的
●
particularly
[pɚˋtɪkjəlɚlɪ]
adv. 特别地；尤其
●
posture
[ˋpɑstʃɚ]
n. . 姿势；立场，态度
vi. 装模作样
●
upright
[ˋʌp͵raɪt]
adv. 垂直地，直立地
a. . 垂直的，直立的；正直的
n. 立柱；直立式钢琴（= upright piano）
●
protagonist
[proˋtægənɪst]
n. 主角
●
defined
[dɪˋfaɪnd]
a. 清楚的，清晰的
●
scorching
[ˋskɔrtʃɪŋ]
a. 酷热的
Practical Phrases
●
compare with / to...
比较……
Compared with my plain boxed meal, Becky’s seemed like a great delicacy.
和我很普通的便当相比，贝琪的便当看起来是山珍海味。
●
be native to + 地方
是某地所独有的
This kind of bird is native to that island.
这种鸟是该岛所独有的。
●
serve as...
作为⋯⋯之用
This book can serve as a guide to help you learn to cook.
这本书可作为帮助你学习烹调的指南。
●
be aware + that 子句
知道／注意到⋯⋯
You must be aware that a blood donation can save someone else’s life.
你一定知道捐血可以救人一命。
●
look out for
注意／留心⋯⋯
You really need to look out for cars when you cross the street.
过马路时务必要注意来车。
●
in charge
掌管；负责
●
be far removed from
与⋯⋯相去甚远
The luxury of my brother’s mansion is far removed from my old small apartment.
我哥哥豪宅的奢华与我又旧又小的公寓相去甚远。
●
a thing or two
一些事情
Tips & Analysis
Particularly, it is their standing pose that sets them apart from most other mammals, most of which feel more comfortable on four legs.
介绍关系代名词与数量词之间的关系
※ 本句使用「主要子句 + 逗点 + 数量词 + of + 关系代名 词(whom / which)引导的形容词子句」的句构。在 写作时，学生往往会误用受格 them 而造成两句没有 连接词连接的错误句构。
• Joseph has three sons, one of them is a doctor. (X)
→ Joseph has three sons, one of whom is a doctor. (O)
约瑟夫有三个儿子，其中一位是医生。
• Jessica has a large collection of books, most of them are romance novels. (X)
→ Jessica has a large collection of books, most of which are romance novels. (O)
洁西卡收藏了大量的书籍，其中绝大部分是爱情小说。
※ 本句构两句中间以逗号相隔，因此须用关系代名词 whom(代替人)或者是 which(代替物)来代替先 行词，而不可用 that。
• Susan has many friends, some of that like spicy food. (X)
→ Susan has many friends, some of whom like spicy food. (O)
苏珊有很多朋友，其中一些喜欢吃辣。
※ of whom 或 of which 之前除了数量词(one、few、 some、many、most、all、neither、a lot of 等) 外，还可以用 the former、the latter 以及“the + 最 高级”。
• Nancy made some doughnuts, the most delicious of which I think is the lemon one.
南西做了一些甜甜圈，我认为最好吃的是柠檬口味的。
* I think 为形容词子句中的插入语。
________________________________________
精选试题
The author published three books this year, two of _____ are ranked on the bestseller list.
(A) that
(B) what
(C) which
(D) whom
答案:C
More to Learn
stand up for... 支持⋯⋯，为⋯⋯挺身而出
• Helen stood up for Julia’s proposal at the meeting.
海伦在会议中支持茱莉亚的提案。
________________________________________
以下介绍 stand 的其他片语及用法:
a. stand up to... 对抗⋯⋯;经得起⋯⋯
• Larry is brave enough to stand up to all the bullies at his school.
赖瑞够勇敢，能站出来对抗学校里的所有霸凌者。
• Tom’s coach wondered if he could stand up to the challenge of doing 200 pushups.
汤姆的教练想知道他是否能够经得起做两百个伏地 挺身的挑战。
b. stand sb up / stand up sb 放某人鸽子
• Mina was not sure if Jack stood her up or if he was just late.
米娜不确定杰克是放她鸽子还是只是迟到了。
c. stand by sb 支持/帮助某人
• Paul promised me that he would stand by me no matter what happened.
保罗向我保证，无论发生什么事，他都会支持我。
d. stand out (from...)
(从⋯⋯)脱颖而出，(在⋯⋯中)很显眼
• Many applicants for the position were good, but Ed stood out from the rest.
许多申请该职位的人都很优秀，但艾德特别出众。
e. stand down 退职，离职;下台
• Abby decided to stand down after 30 years as CEO.
艾比在担任执行长三十年后决定退职。
中文翻译(& 答案)
任何看过迪士尼《狮子王》的人都会赞同这部电影中最受欢迎的其中一个角色就是丁满。丁满和它最好的朋友彭彭在它们初次遇见主角辛巴时，为它提供它最需要的东西 ── 善良和忠诚。
虽然已有数百万名幼童看过这部经典电影，但他们当中有许多人可能并不知道丁满其实就是现实世界中的狐獴，狐獴是一种 原生于非洲南部沙漠地区的小型哺乳动物。狐獴有着独特而可爱的外表，主要的特征是直立的站姿和眼睛周围的黑色斑块。尤其 是它们的站立姿势使它们有别于其他哺乳动物，大多数的哺乳动物用四只脚行动比较轻松自在。
尽管它们的外表可爱，但狐獴必须采取巧妙的策略才能在恶劣的沙漠环境中生存。它们是合作性高且社会化的动物，生活 在被称为 “mob”(编按:mob 通常是指一个群体且带有负面涵意，像是一群暴民或流氓，而在此是指狐獴群体)的家族群体之 中。每个狐獴群体都有一只主导的母狐獴负责发号施令，而狐獴群体中的其他成员都有明确的角色以确保不会有任务未被完成。 有些成员担任看守者，注意天空中如雕和鹰等危险猎食者，而其他成员则寻找食物，包括水果、昆虫、小鸟、啮齿动物和蜥蜴。 狐獴群体生活在称为 “burrow”(编按:此指狐獴所挖的洞穴、地道)的家中，这些洞穴基本上是地下隧道系统，使狐獴群体在 炎热的非洲阳光下保持凉爽。
狐獴聪明且忠诚，它们与迪士尼经典之作当中所描绘的狐獴相去不远。这些迷人的生物不仅仅是可爱的动物，它们肯定还会 教我们一些关于「站起来」支持彼此的事情。
1. 第一段的目的为何?
(A) 概述狐獴的性格。
(B) 向读者介绍一部迪士尼经典作品。
(C) 为狐獴的讨论做铺陈。
(D) 详细说明丁满在辛巴的生命中扮演什么角色。
2. 文章中提到了下列关于狐獴的哪些方面?
a. 求偶行为 b. 身体特征 c. 生活栖息地
d. 天敌 e. 对压力的反应 f. 饮食习惯
(A) a, b, c, f
(B) b, c, d, f
(C) a, d, e, f
(D) b, d, e, f
3. 根据本文，狐獴最不可能吃下列何者?
题解: 第三段提到狐獴的食物包括水果、昆虫及啮齿动物等，而雕和鹰类则为其猎食者，故答案选 (D)。
4.从本文中可以推断出关于狐獴的什么事?
(A) 一只雄性狐獴统治整个家庭。
(B) 它们群体当中的分工很清楚。
(C) 它们只有在面临威胁时才会转换成站立姿势。
(D) 丁满在迪士尼经典作品中的形象与现实生活中的 狐獴大相迳庭。
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